by BettyCoart » Sat Jul 01, 2017 3:18 pm
Lifestyle changes of diet and exercise are extremely important for people who have pre-diabetes, or who are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle interventions can be very effective in preventing or postponing the progression to diabetes. These interventions are especially important for overweight people. Even moderate weight loss can help reduce diabetes risk. The American Diabetes Association recommends that people at high risk for type 2 diabetes eat high-fiber 14g fiber for every 1, calories and whole-grain foods. High intake of fiber, especially from whole grain cereals and breads, can help reduce type 2 diabetes risk. Patients with diabetes also need to be aware of their heart health nutrition, in particular, controlling high blood pressure and cholesterol levels. In-Depth Report Heart-healthy diet. There is no such thing as a single diabetes diet. Patients should meet with a professional dietitian to plan an individualized diet within the general guidelines that takes into consideration their own health needs. For example, a patient with type 2 diabetes who is overweight and insulin-resistant may need to have a different carbohydrate-protein balance than a thin patient with type 1 diabetes in danger of kidney disease. Because regulating diabetes is an individual situation, everyone with this condition should get help from a dietary professional in selecting the diet best for them. Several good dietary methods are available to meet the goals described above. General dietary guidelines for diabetes recommend: Several different dietary methods are available for controlling blood sugar in type 1 and insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes: Tests for Glucose Levels. Both low blood sugar hypoglycemia and high blood sugar hyperglycemia are of concern for patients who take insulin. It is important, therefore, to monitor blood glucose levels carefully. Patients should aim for the following measurements: In-Depth Reports 9: Diabetes type 1 and Diabetes type 2. Hemoglobin A1c also called HbA1c , HA1c, or A1C is measured periodically every 2 3 months, or at least twice a year, to determine the average blood-sugar level over the lifespan of the red blood cell. While fingerprick self-testing provides information on blood glucose for that day, the HbA1c test shows how well blood sugar has been controlled over the period of several months. Other tests are needed periodically to determine potential complications of diabetes, such as high blood pressure, unhealthy cholesterol levels, and kidney problems. Such tests may also indicate whether current diet plans are helping the patient and whether changes should be made. Annual urine tests for microalbuminuria and creatinine proteins can indicate a future risk for serious kidney disease. Every year thousands of new foods are introduced, many of them advertised as nutritionally beneficial. It is important for everyone, most especially people with diabetes, to be able to differentiate advertised claims from truth. The current food labels show the number of calories from fat, the amount of nutrients that are potentially dangerous fat, cholesterol, sodium, and sugars as well as useful nutrients fiber, carbohydrates, protein, and vitamins. Labels also show daily values, the percentage of a daily diet that each of the important nutrients offers in a single serving. This daily value is based on 2, calories, which is often higher than what most patients with diabetes should have, and the serving sizes may not be equivalent to those on diabetic exchange lists. Most people will need to recalculate the grams and calories listed on food labels to fit their own serving sizes and calorie needs. Weighing and measuring food is extremely important to get the correct number of daily calories. Patients with diabetes should not skip meals, particularly if they are taking insulin. Skipping meals can upset the balance between food intake and insulin and also can lead to low blood sugar and even weight gain if the patient eats extra food to offset hunger and low blood sugar levels. Diabetes can lead to kidney disease and failure. People with early-stage kidney failure need to follow a special diet that slows the build-up of wastes in the bloodstream. The diet restricts protein, potassium, phosphorus, and salt intake. Fat and carbohydrate intake may need to be increased to help maintain weight and muscle tissue. People who have late-stage kidney disease usually need dialysis. Once patients are on dialysis, they need more protein in their diet. Patients must still be very careful about restricting salt, potassium, phosphorus, and fluids. Patients on peritoneal dialysis may have fewer restrictions on salt, potassium, and phosphorus than those on hemodialysis. Weight Control for Type 2 Diabetes. Find a Doctor at UCompareHealthCare. Find the safest and most cost-effective drugs for this condition. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. Food and Nutrition Information Center. Diabetic Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome. Diabetes and Eye Disease. Diabetes and Kidney Disease. Diabetes and Nerve Damage. Peripheral Artery Disease Legs. High Blood Cholesterol Levels. Hardening of the Arteries. Diabetic Blood Circulation in Foot. Food and Insulin Release. Insulin Production and Diabetes. General Dietary Guidelines Lifestyle changes of diet and exercise are extremely important for people who have pre-diabetes, or who are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. For people who have diabetes, the treatment goals for a diabetes diet are: Achieve near normal blood glucose levels. People with type 1 diabetes and people with type 2 diabetes who are taking insulin or oral medication must coordinate calorie intake with medication or insulin administration, exercise, and other variables to control blood glucose levels. Protect the heart and aim for healthy lipid cholesterol and triglyceride levels and control of blood pressure. Overweight patients with type 2 diabetes who are not taking medication should aim for a diet that controls both weight and glucose. A reasonable weight is usually defined as what is achievable and sustainable, and helps achieve normal blood glucose levels Children, pregnant women, and people recovering from illness should be sure to maintain adequate calories for health. General dietary guidelines for diabetes recommend: The type and amount of carbohydrate are both important. Best choices are vegetables, fruits, beans, and whole grains. These foods are also high in fiber. Patients with diabetes should monitor their carbohydrate intake either through carbohydrate counting or meal planning exchange lists. Monounsaturated such as olive, peanut, canola oils; and avocados and nuts and omega-3 polyunsaturated such as fish, flaxseed oil, and walnuts fats are the best types. Choose nonfat or low-fat dairy instead of whole milk products. Fish, soy, and poultry are better protein choices than red meat. Lose weight if body mass index BMI is 25 29 overweight or higher obese. Several different dietary methods are available for controlling blood sugar in type 1 and insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes: Diabetic exchange lists for maintaining a proper balance of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins throughout the day. Carbohydrate counting for tracking the number of grams of carbohydrates consumed each day. Glycemic index for tracking which carbohydrate foods increase blood sugar. Patients should aim for the following measurements: In-Depth Reports 9: Diabetes type 1 and Diabetes type 2. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A. URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A. Learn more about A. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. Running in the Sahara. Airbnb Hosts More Likely to Reject the Disabled, a Study Finds. Knowing When to Quit. The Weekly Health Quiz: Wine, Coffee and Pain Relief. 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